Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission | List Of Non Approved Domains
List Of Non Approved Domains
Home The CommissionThe Commission Public InformationPublic Information Regulated EntitiesRegulated Entities Regulatory FrameworkRegulatory Framework Investor ProtectionInvestor Protection Trusts RegistryTrusts Registry
Contact us  |  Links  |   EL / EN |
Investor Protection List Of Non Approved Domains
List Of Non Approved Domains
The Cyprus Securities and Exchange Commission (‘CySEC’) would like to inform the investors and the public at large that the domains that are included in the following list are not owned or operated by Cyprus Investment Firms (CIFs) which have been authorized by CySEC to provide Investment Services.

Last Update:  22 February 2024
Search:



# Non Approved Domains Date Listed
1. illuxor.net 18/12/2023
2. 20icmarkets.com 11/06/2021
3. 21stfinance.co 09/03/2023
4. 21stfinance.com 09/03/2023
5. 21stfinance.net 09/03/2023
6. 21stfxoptions.com 20/05/2020
7. 247btcclub.com 04/07/2019
8. 247firstinvest.com 22/07/2020
9. 247smartfx.com 04/07/2019
10. 24bitx.com 23/06/2020
11. 24cryptofxtrade.com 11/11/2020
12. 24liveoption.com 06/07/2020
13. 24primeoption.com 06/07/2020
14. 24traderush.com 07/09/2018
15. 360cointrade.com 16/08/2022
16. 91fp.org 13/01/2022
17. aaatradecn.co 26/10/2023
18. acetradeoptions.com 12/12/2018
19. acmarketsfx.co 28/06/2022
20. acmarketsltd.com 26/10/2023
21. acronisfx.com 23/02/2021
22. admiralecn.net 21/10/2021
23. afexeu.com 22/06/2023
24. agefx.io 10/05/2021
25. aglotrade.com 08/12/2022
26. agmmarkets.net 28/06/2022
27. alfacapital24.com 27/05/2021
28. AllFXtradings.com 23/02/2021
29. alphabitfx.org 03/01/2021
30. alphacapitaltrade.com 21/10/2021
31. amadeus-markets.com & cfd.amadeus-markets.com 26/10/2023
32. amelok.com 20/05/2020
33. ampglobalfx.com 11/11/2020
34. apexfinancialtrading.com 22/02/2024
35. apextradeoption.com 06/05/2019
36. app.qbitsmegaprofit.co 13/12/2016
37. arkiseguro.com 22/02/2024
38. astrocapitalmarkets.com 30/05/2022
39. atfxtrade.com 01/09/2020
40. autotradingbinary.com 13/12/2016
41. avafinancials.com 05/08/2020
42. avexcapital.com 13/10/2020
43. axiacvs.com 26/10/2023
44. axiorymarkets.co 26/11/2021
45. bbgroupfx.com 23/02/2021
46. bhc.international 23/02/2021
47. bigliquidity.com 05/08/2020
48. binancecapitaloptions.com 20/05/2020
49. binarium.click 02/05/2022
50. binarium.com 02/05/2022
51. binarium.global 02/05/2022
52. binarium.link 02/05/2022
53. binarium.trade 02/05/2022
54. binarium.trading 02/05/2022
55. binaryswiss.com 13/12/2016
56. binarytradeoption.com 04/07/2019
57. binarytradeplus.com 10/12/2018
58. Binatex.com 21/12/2017
59. binomo.com 16/09/2019
60. bitbulls-market.com 09/03/2023
61. bitcointradepro.com 16/08/2022
62. bitfxasset.com 20/12/2021
63. bitfxmarket.com 31/01/2019
64. bitgoldenfx.com 14/03/2019
65. bitoptionfx.com 14/02/2019
66. bitoptionstrade247.com 20/05/2020
67. bitpezagrowth.com 26/11/2021
68. bitransax.com 13/12/2016
69. bloombex-options.com 13/12/2016
70. bnbsmartchainbots.com 20/12/2021
71. bogo-finance.com 31/01/2019
72. boomxchange.com 26/10/2018
73. brightfinance.co 29/12/2020
74. brocprime.net 21/10/2021
75. brokercreditserviceltd.net 22/09/2022
76. brokericmarkets.com 11/06/2021
77. brokeroneltd.com 18/12/2023
78. btmarkets.io 27/05/2021
79. bullishfxmarkets.com 23/03/2021
80. bullmarketsllc.com 22/02/2024
81. caliburcapital.net 18/02/2020
82. canolimited.com 18/12/2023
83. canyontrendus.com 20/12/2021
84. capitalbasefx.com 27/04/2022
85. capitallevel.com 13/10/2020
86. capitalmarketcorp.com 21/10/2021
87. capital-partnersonline.com 10/05/2021
88. capitalswissfx.com 19/12/2018
89. capitaltech24.com 27/11/2019
90. capitaltradeoption.ltd 30/07/2021
91. capitaoptions.com 17/07/2020
92. caratcapital.com 20/01/2021
93. cardinalfx.trade 11/11/2020
94. centralspottradingltd.com 29/12/2020
95. cfdadv.com 13/01/2022
96. cfdadvanced.com 13/01/2022
97. charlgate.net 13/01/2022
98. cidmacorp.com 22/09/2022
99. citiglobalmarket-inc.com 30/05/2022
100. classicfx24trade.com 01/09/2020
101. cloudfxoptions.online 08/02/2021
102. cloudminingfx.net 28/06/2022
103. cnxmarkets.com 26/10/2023
104. coinboost247.com 27/11/2020
105. coinkast.io 17/07/2020
106. Coinoptionstrade.com 10/01/2019
107. coinstradingbit.com 03/01/2021
108. cointradefxpro.com 03/01/2021
109. colmex24.com 13/01/2022
110. colmex24.net 17/06/2022
111. concept4x.com 23/06/2020
112. conventusgroup.com 13/10/2020
113. crm-forex.com 16/04/2019
114. cryplanet.com 18/12/2023
115. cryptfxtm.com 09/12/2019
116. cryptobanxatrade.com 27/04/2022
117. cryptocapitalfx.com 10/04/2019
118. cryptomarketchain.com 11/06/2021
119. cryptopros.ltd 23/03/2021
120. cryptosworld.trade 10/05/2021
121. cryptotradecentr.com 22/07/2020
122. crytofxetra247.com 27/11/2020
123. ctcapitaltraders.com 10/11/2023
124. ctrust.co 11/11/2020
125. digi-coins.net 08/02/2021
126. easycapitaltrade.com 28/06/2022
127. edrfinancialltd.com 08/12/2022
128. edufintech.org 03/09/2021
129. efexa1000.com 18/10/2018
130. elite-fxmarket.com 05/08/2020
131. emarketstrade.com 28/11/2019
132. emporiumcapital.ltd 25/01/2023
133. en.investup.cc 01/09/2020
134. en-n.com 23/02/2021
135. enormoustradeharvest.com 17/06/2022
136. en-rev.com 13/01/2022
137. epoxtrade.com 27/08/2019
138. equityassetholdings.com 22/02/2024
139. et-fx.com 25/01/2023
140. europetrading.org 30/07/2021
141. eurotradeforex.com 09/03/2023
142. eurotradefx.com 30/07/2021
143. evallvellc.com 26/10/2023
144. evalonassets.com 22/02/2024
145. everfxx.co.uk 13/01/2022
146. everinvest.org 30/07/2021
147. everitcapitalmarkets.com 30/05/2022
148. everprotrader.com 26/11/2021
149. exmsolution.com 11/03/2020
150. expatfxtrade.com 04/07/2019
151. expertcapitalmarkets.com 30/05/2022
152. expert-earners.com 03/01/2021
153. expertfxtrade.com 19/12/2018
154. expertminingcryptocurrency.com 22/02/2024
155. expertoption.forex 06/07/2020
156. falconfxoption.com 11/11/2020
157. fasttrade.ltd 03/01/2021
158. fenix-funds.com 01/09/2020
159. financereserve.com 29/12/2020
160. financewiseint.com 09/03/2023
161. financista.com 24/04/2023
162. finanzexp.de 27/11/2020
163. finatics.io 23/05/2022
164. finexics.io 29/12/2020
165. finotive.net 11/06/2021
166. finquotesfinancial.work 18/12/2023
167. fin-target.com 27/11/2020
168. firstbtcfx.com 08/12/2022
169. fmtrader.com 12/12/2016
170. forex-earners.org 03/01/2021
171. forexicmarkets.com 11/06/2021
172. forexiqoptions.co.uk 16/08/2022
173. forextimeltd.com 22/06/2023
174. frankfurtfx.com 23/03/2021
175. front-service24.site 22/02/2024
176. ftmartzone.com 10/11/2023
177. ftradition.com 13/12/2016
178. ftxindex.com 16/08/2022
179. futureinvest.me 12/11/2021
180. fxbulls.com 01/09/2020
181. fxc-c.com 05/09/2019
182. fxcryptocoin.com 14/03/2019
183. fxcryptofair.com 07/11/2019
184. fxg.market 22/07/2020
185. fxglobaltraders.com 08/02/2021
186. fxgmfx.com 20/05/2020
187. fxgrowcapital.com 22/07/2020
188. fx-icmarkets.com 11/06/2021
189. fxoptiontrade247.com 06/07/2020
190. fxpb.us 13/10/2020
191. fx-premium.com 04/07/2019
192. fxprocrypto.com 30/07/2021
193. fxterminals.com 20/12/2021
194. fxtradeterminal.com 20/12/2021
195. fxviewinvestment.com 17/06/2022
196. fxwet.com 27/04/2022
197. fxwinter.com 26/11/2021
198. garafi.com 27/05/2021
199. geverestfx.com 23/03/2021
200. globaldibs.com 18/12/2023
201. globaleverestfx.com 17/07/2020
202. global-vesco.ltd 03/01/2021
203. go24invest.com 13/12/2016
204. gocapitalfx.com 28/05/2019
205. goeverups.com 23/03/2021
206. goldenburgfunds.com 03/11/2022
207. golden-gate.co.uk 23/05/2022
208. goldenshare.io 23/05/2022
209. goldstein-invest.com 10/05/2021
210. goptions.com 13/12/2016
211. greenfxtrading.com 20/12/2021
212. greenwavex.com 23/05/2022
213. growthandlegacyukfx.com 23/06/2020
214. gtm.fxaddress.com 20/05/2020
215. hfx.com 13/12/2016
216. hycmbot.com 22/09/2022
217. hycmcapitalmarkets.com 08/12/2022
218. icemarketss.com 11/06/2021
219. icfxmarkets.com 18/02/2020
220. icmarkets.one 16/08/2022
221. icmarkets20.com 11/06/2021
222. ic-marketsfx.eu 06/07/2020
223. icm-market.com 30/07/2021
224. ico-assets.com 22/06/2023
225. ictrademarkets.com 11/06/2021
226. idealfxhub.com 12/11/2021
227. ifmcorp.co 03/01/2021
228. iforex300.com 17/07/2020
229. inforexeu.com 25/01/2023
230. inscribedoffers.com 23/05/2022
231. instantcryptoforextrades.com 03/01/2021
232. insta-trading.com 29/12/2020
233. intensefxtrade.com 09/12/2019
234. intlmc.com 03/01/2021
235. invcryptotrade.com 12/11/2021
236. inverbid.co 24/04/2023
237. inverbid.com 24/04/2023
238. inverbid.net 24/04/2023
239. invest-absolute.com 20/05/2020
240. investcapitalmarket.com 13/12/2016
241. investrader.net 13/12/2016
242. ipo-experts.com 08/12/2022
243. jfbbi.com 30/07/2021
244. jfdtrade.net 22/06/2023
245. just2trade.live 20/01/2021
246. justproforex.com 20/05/2020
247. kepercoin.com 06/07/2020
248. keyoncapital.com 27/07/2020
249. lab-finance.com 11/11/2020
250. leadwayfinance.ltd 03/01/2021
251. levelprofit.com 23/05/2022
252. lhk-group.com 27/05/2021
253. librafg.com 27/11/2020
254. lincensetrade.com 14/03/2019
255. lite-options.com 31/01/2019
256. log-bit.com 14/02/2022
257. ltdexxovo.com 22/06/2023
258. magnasale.org 21/10/2021
259. marketing-kindom.com 13/01/2022
260. marketsac.com 18/12/2023
261. marketseu.com 20/01/2021
262. marketsocta.com 17/06/2022
263. marketsswiss.com 13/10/2020
264. markets-x.com 17/07/2020
265. maximumfinancetrade.com 03/01/2021
266. megatradestation.com 08/02/2021
267. meritkapital.net 22/07/2020
268. metafinancetrade.com 20/05/2020
269. metexo.com 25/01/2023
270. miningcity.com & nemtlex.online 22/02/2024
271. monecor.eu 11/11/2020
272. morganfinance.io 26/10/2023
273. mt5expo.com 13/01/2022
274. naga-markets.online 18/02/2020
275. nbimarkets.net 25/01/2023
276. nervicfxtrade.com 09/12/2019
277. netradefx.com 27/05/2021
278. newtradefx.com 13/12/2016
279. nexotrades.com 18/12/2023
280. nigmafinance.org 04/05/2018
281. nlp.optionbit.com 13/09/2017
282. ntbfinancialmarket.com 13/01/2022
283. nylsinv.com 22/06/2023
284. ocdfinances.net 24/04/2023
285. ocdfinances.org 24/04/2023
286. octatradings-llc.com 16/08/2022
287. onecapitalinvest.co 03/11/2022
288. opticaltradings.com 22/02/2024
289. optionexpert.net 18/12/2017
290. otmfx.com 13/12/2016
291. otofpr.life 26/10/2023
292. otpfx.com 23/02/2021
293. paramountsignals.com 20/12/2021
294. parifxtrade.com 04/07/2019
295. pfcapfx.com 05/08/2020
296. pipmaster.org 01/09/2020
297. platform-nbdtrading.com 26/10/2023
298. pmgroup365.com 26/10/2023
299. powerfxm.com 03/09/2021
300. prcbrokers.com 05/08/2020
301. prc-brokers.com 05/08/2020
302. premiumfxcrypto.com 20/12/2021
303. primaryfxmarkets.com 13/10/2020
304. primexbtoptions.com 13/01/2022
305. primusforex.net 22/06/2023
306. primustrades.com 21/06/2018
307. procloudoptions.online 22/07/2020
308. protechfx.com 22/06/2023
309. proximitytrade.com 20/12/2021
310. quantumai-new-uk-ct.invest-kapitals.com 26/10/2023
311. radixoptionfx.live 22/09/2022
312. raphaelfxinvestment.com 03/01/2021
313. rbinary.com 13/12/2016
314. rcebanque.com 03/11/2022
315. realfxexperts.com 20/12/2021
316. redrock500.com 12/11/2021
317. reliable-trade.com 20/01/2021
318. reliabletradeoptions.com 05/08/2020
319. reset-invest.com 05/08/2020
320. retailfx.net 10/11/2023
321. rfmcorp.co 03/01/2021
322. richmondsfinance.com 27/11/2019
323. rielinvestment.com 05/03/2018
324. robofxmarkets.com 14/02/2022
325. roboticsforex.com 03/11/2022
326. royalfinance24.com 14/10/2019
327. royal-foex.hk 17/07/2020
328. royalfxbank.com 18/12/2023
329. royalfxpro.eu 20/05/2020
330. royalinvestmentconsortium.com 26/10/2023
331. rynattrading.org 14/02/2022
332. safeoptions24.com 01/09/2020
333. sbotrading.com 13/12/2016
334. scmconsulting.net 06/07/2020
335. sharesforextrade.com 23/05/2022
336. simplifiedfinancemarkets.com 12/11/2021
337. skyecryptofx.com 27/04/2022
338. smartoptionfx.com 18/06/2019
339. smarttradesfx.online 28/06/2022
340. solidinvest.co 29/12/2020
341. spursmarkets.com 14/02/2022
342. stockvalo.com 22/09/2022
343. stonexly.com 10/11/2023
344. successfulmarktplatform.com 18/12/2023
345. sunbirdfx.com 13/12/2016
346. suplexdeals.net 12/11/2021
347. supremeoctafx.com 20/12/2021
348. swiftfxequity.com 20/12/2021
349. swiftpuprime.com 24/04/2023
350. swisskapital.eu 29/12/2020
351. t.me/Fxglobe_limited 26/10/2023
352. tcmglobals.com & portal.tcmglobals.com/signup 22/02/2024
353. techathome.org 28/06/2022
354. telforward.net 26/11/2021
355. tfihedge.com.cy 26/11/2021
356. tfimarkets24.com 22/06/2023
357. thebestrader.io 10/05/2021
358. thegoldcapitals.com 21/10/2021
359. themarketsguide.com 06/07/2020
360. thetrueoption.com 13/12/2016
361. theultimateforex.com 08/02/2021
362. ti-gi.com 03/09/2021
363. top-epargne.info 10/05/2021
364. topoption360.com 17/07/2020
365. torrocapital3.com 26/10/2023
366. tqrtrade.com 04/07/2019
367. trade12.com 13/12/2016
368. tradeoptfx.com 18/12/2023
369. traderscodes.com 03/09/2021
370. tradesopen.com 20/05/2020
371. tradingmasterclass77.com 17/06/2022
372. trust-capital.ltd 28/06/2022
373. ufxone.com 18/12/2023
374. u-i-group.com 13/10/2020
375. uniglobemarkets.com 26/10/2023
376. unitedoptions.com 13/12/2016
377. upshotfinance.biz 03/01/2021
378. urbanfxtrade.com 09/12/2019
379. vestlefx.com 03/09/2021
380. vmc-global.com 27/11/2020
381. wficorp.co 03/01/2021
382. winicoin.com 17/06/2022
383. winnexconsulting.com 03/11/2022
384. world-trade-center.io 24/04/2023
385. worldwidecapitalfx.com 31/01/2019
386. wrxst-global.com 13/01/2022
387. www.10markets.com 13/12/2016
388. www.247optionstrade.com/ 21/12/2017
389. www.247tradeoption.com 04/05/2018
390. www.500option.com 13/12/2016
391. www.55profit.com 13/12/2016
392. www.5markets.com 17/06/2014
393. www.aaoption.com 13/12/2016
394. www.afghanbawar.org.af 13/12/2016
395. www.albatrosgt.com 13/12/2016
396. www.algobanque.com 13/12/2016
397. www.alliance-options.com 13/12/2016
398. www.apollotradexcoexcurrency.com 23/06/2020
399. www.ArumProCapitalLtd.com 23/06/2017
400. www.b4binary.com 13/12/2016
401. www.banco-capital.com 13/12/2016
402. www.beeoptions.com 13/12/2016
403. www.bforex.com 13/12/2016
404. www.bigoption.com 13/12/2016
405. www.binaring.com 01/01/1970
406. www.binary8.com 13/12/2016
407. www.binarybrokerz.com 13/12/2016
408. www.binaryfn.com 13/12/2016
409. www.binaryroom365.com 13/12/2016
410. www.binary-slot.com 13/12/2016
411. www.binaryuno.com 13/12/2016
412. www.bmpoption.com 13/12/2016
413. www.boson-alfa.com 19/09/2017
414. www.briskliquidity.nz 07/09/2018
415. www.brokerofficial.com 13/12/2016
416. www.brokeroption.com/it/ 13/12/2016
417. www.bsdoption.com 13/12/2016
418. www.carlton-church.net 26/06/2017
419. www.cfd1000.com 13/12/2016
420. www.citrades.com 13/12/2016
421. www.CMliveExperts.com 23/06/2020
422. www.cyprusinvestmentllc.com 13/12/2016
423. www.daily-trades.com 13/12/2016
424. www.eclipse-finance.com 13/12/2016
425. www.ecncapital.com 20/11/2018
426. www.edgedalefinance.com 13/12/2016
427. www.empireoption.com 13/12/2016
428. www.eurotradeinvestmentsrgb.com 10/01/2019
429. www.everfx.uk 19/05/2020
430. www.evrolife-association.com 13/12/2016
431. www.exbino.com 13/12/2016
432. www.finmarket.trade 04/03/2019
433. www.finpari.com 13/12/2016
434. www.forexcoin.org 27/07/2017
435. www.ftrade.com 13/12/2016
436. www.fx-inter.com 13/12/2016
437. www.fxonus.com 17/05/2017
438. www.g4trader.com 13/12/2016
439. www.gntfx.com 26/06/2017
440. www.goldenratioassetmanagement.com 13/12/2016
441. www.gotooption.com 13/12/2016
442. www.gtoptions.com 13/12/2016
443. www.hedefonline.com 13/12/2016
444. www.highoption.com 13/12/2016
445. www.iforex24.com 17/05/2017
446. www.imperialoptions.com 13/12/2016
447. www.insideoption.com 13/12/2016
448. www.ivoryoption.com 13/12/2016
449. www.jennocrypto.com 14/02/2019
450. www.jetfore.com 31/01/2019
451. www.jfdmtech.com 22/04/2019
452. www.ksftrade.com 13/12/2016
453. www.lbinary.com 13/12/2016
454. www.lottmarket.com 13/12/2016
455. www.marketsdl.com 13/12/2016
456. www.marketsrally.com 13/12/2016
457. www.maxoptions.com 13/12/2016
458. www.meritkapital.com.cn 27/07/2017
459. www.mrtmarkets.com 13/12/2016
460. www.mustoption.com 13/12/2016
461. www.netotrade.com 13/12/2016
462. www.nextoption.com 13/12/2016
463. www.no1options.com 13/12/2016
464. www.noafx.com 13/12/2016
465. www.onetwotrade.com 13/12/2016
466. www.option500.com 13/12/2016
467. www.optionbit.com 13/12/2016
468. www.option-bit.com 13/09/2017
469. www.optionstarsglobal.com 13/12/2016
470. www.optionsxo.com 13/12/2016
471. www.oracle-options.com 12/06/2017
472. www.pacificoption.com 13/12/2016
473. www.plusfinancials.com 13/12/2016
474. www.plusoption.com 13/12/2016
475. www.plustocks.com 13/12/2016
476. www.porterfinance.com 13/12/2016
477. www.prcforex.com 14/03/2019
478. www.prestige.fm 26/06/2017
479. www.primebrokerz.com 13/12/2016
480. www.pwrtrade.com 13/12/2016
481. www.rtgtrading.com 13/12/2016
482. www.safeklik.com 13/12/2016
483. www.safe-option.com 13/12/2016
484. www.scala.trade 13/12/2016
485. www.SecuredOptions.com 13/12/2016
486. www.stm-fx.com 14/02/2019
487. www.swissfxpro.com 13/12/2016
488. www.tadawulinvestments.com 13/12/2016
489. www.thetrueoption.com 13/12/2016
490. www.titantrade.com 13/12/2016
491. www.touchtrades.com 13/12/2016
492. www.trade-24.com 27/07/2017
493. www.tradeberrybank.com 03/04/2018
494. www.Tradersking.com 13/12/2016
495. www.tradextra.com 17/05/2017
496. www.tradingbanks.com 13/12/2016
497. www.tradorax.com 13/12/2016
498. www.ubinary.com 13/12/2016
499. www.ubkfx.com 13/12/2016
500. www.ukoptions.com 13/12/2016
501. www.utrader.com 13/12/2016
502. www.vipoptions.com 13/12/2016
503. www.vncbrokers.com 13/12/2016
504. www.vtgfx.com 13/12/2016
505. www.whaleoptions.com 13/12/2016
506. www.wikioption.com 13/12/2016
507. www.winoptions247.com 13/12/2016
508. www.worldbinaryoption.com 28/05/2019
509. www.worldtrustinvest.com 10/01/2019
510. xtreamforex.com 26/10/2023
511. zenithoptions.net 13/12/2016
Πιστοποιημένος εργοδότης
Great Place to work
THE COMMISSION
About us
Structure
Transactions Notification System
Privacy Notice
Contact us
PUBLIC INFORMATION
Board Decisions
Announcements
Policy Statements
Circulars
Practical Guides
Consultation Papers
Certifications and Seminars
Court Decisions
Statistical Publications
Administrative Sanctions
Seminars & Lectures
Digital Signature/Submission
Conferences
REGULATED ENTITIES
Investment Firms
Crypto Asset Services Providers (CASP)
AIF Management Companies
Regulated Markets
ASP
AIF
UCITS & Management Companies
Issuers
Risk Based Supervision Framework
Multilateral Trading Facilities ( MTF)
AIFM & MANCO
Crowdfunding Service Providers (CSP)
Focus Area
Innovation Hub
Payable Fees
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
PEPPs
Services and Markets
Collective Investment and Managers
Issuers and Securities
Market Abuse
Benchmarks
Prevention of Money Laundering and Financi...
PRIIPs
Sanctions/Restrictive Measures
CySEC Law
ΕΛΛΗΝΙΚΑ Contact usInvestor ProtectionLinksPrivacy NoticeRSS ServiceTerms & ConditionsThe Commission
© Copyright, All Rights Reserved.